Treaty Interpretation By The Iacthr And The Ecthr Unity or Fragmentation of Public International Law

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CHAPTER 11.1. Theoretical Aspects of Article 31(3)(c)1.2. Article 31(3)(c): Intention, Interpretation and Scope1.3. The Temporal Element1.4. ‘The Parties’ CHAPTER 2Section 1- References to Article 31(3)(c) in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights2.1.1. Golder v The United Kingdom2.1.2. Banković et al v Belgium and 16 other States2.1.3. The ‘State Immunity’ Cases2.1.4. Mamatkulov and Askarov v Turkey2.1.5. Bosphorus Hava Yolları Turizm ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi v Ireland2.1.6. Behrami and Behrami v France2.1.7. Demir and Baykara v Turkey2.1.8. Rantsev v Cyprus and Russia2.1.9. Nada v Switzerland2.1.9.A. International System European Subsystem v Broader International System2.1.9.B. Systemic Integration in a Pluralistic Context: Static v Dynamic Integration2.1.9.C. Review of the Acts of the UNSC and the Hierarchy of Rules2.1.10. The ‘Child Abduction’ CasesSection 2- The ECtHR and the Interpretive Method of External Referencing2.2.1. Special Characteristics of Human Rights Treaties and the Vienna Rules of Interpretation2.2.2. ECHR’s Application of Article 31(3)(c)2.2.3. Special or Pointless?2.2.4. Inconsistent Referencing2.2.5. The Spectrum of Relevant Rules2.2.6. Evolutive Interpretation2.2.7. The Functions of Article 31(3)(c)2.2.8. ConclusionSection 3-References to Article 31(3)(c) in the Case Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights2.3.1. The “Street Children” (Villagrán Morales et al.) v. Guatemala2.3.1.A. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child: the duty to prevent juvenile crimes and the duty to rehabilitate2.3.2. The Gomez Paquiyauri Brothers vs Peru2.3.3. Children’s rights2.3.4. Serrano Cruz Sisters v. El Salvador2.3.5. Ituango Massacres v. Colombia2.3.6. Indigenous Peoples’ Right to Ancestral Lands2.3.6.A. Indigenous Peoples’ Land Rights: The Question Of ‘Consultation’ v. ‘Consent’2.3.6.B. Systemic Interpretation of Article 21 of the ConventionSection 4-The IACtHR and the Interpretive Method of External Referencing2.4.1. The IACtHR and the Interpretive Method of External Referencing2.4.2. Interpreting The ACHR Specific Rules on Treaty Interpretation2.4.3. Evolutive Interpretation2.4.4. The Use of External Sources as Interpretive Tools2.4.5. Soft Law2.4.6. Non-Ratified Treaties2.4.7. Convergence with International Humanitarian Law2.4.8. Legitimacy of Cross-Referencing?2.4.9. Use of Non-Binding External Instruments2.4.10. Universalism v Consensus2.4.11. Conclusion CHAPTER 3 3.1. The MFP Clause in Human Rights Treaties3.2. The MFP Clause in Theory3.3. The Function of the Clause3.4. The MFP Clause in Practice3.5. A New Way to Apply to Clause3.6. Conclusion